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Joint Replacement

What Is Arthroplasty (Joint Replacement)?

The definition of arthroplasty is surgical joint replacement. During the procedure, your healthcare provider removes a damaged joint and replaces it with an artificial joint. The artificial joint (prosthesis) can be metal, ceramic or heavy-duty plastic. The new joint looks like the natural joint and moves in a similar way. Surgeons can replace joints in any part of your body, but the most common types of arthroplasty are hip replacement and knee replacement.

Most people who get this procedure need a total joint replacement. A small number of people are good candidates for a partial joint replacement.

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Who Needs Arthroplasty (Joint Replacement)?

Your surgeon may recommend arthroplasty if you have:

  • Joint pain that hasn’t gotten better with nonsurgical treatments such as physical therapy (PT), medications, bracing, injections, walking assistive devices and rest.
  • Joint stiffness and limited mobility that make it difficult or impossible for you to do your everyday activities.
  • Swelling (inflammation) that doesn’t improve with medications or lifestyle changes.

These symptoms can result from several conditions, including:

  • Arthritis, specifically osteoarthritis.
  • Rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Fractures, including a hip fracture.

What Happens During Arthroplasty?

You may have your surgery in an outpatient clinic or at a hospital. The technique your surgeon uses varies depending on the type of surgery and the joint you need replaced. Right before your procedure, you will receive anesthesia. This ensures you won’t feel pain during arthroplasty.

Your surgeon makes incisions (cuts) and removes the damaged joint. Then they replace it with an artificial joint. They use stitches, staples or surgical glue to close the incisions. Your provider wraps the joint in a bandage. You may also need a brace or sling.

Surgeons can do some joint replacement procedures using minimally invasive techniques. These techniques use fewer incisions and special tools. The recovery time for minimally invasive procedures can be less than it is for traditional procedures. Your surgeon will recommend the most appropriate procedure for you.

What Are The Advantages Of Arthroplasty (Joint Replacement)?

Joint replacement procedures can help you move without pain and stiffness. After a joint replacement, many people can take part in activities they once enjoyed. These surgeries greatly improve quality of life and overall health by allowing people to have an active lifestyle.

What Are The Risks Or Complications Of Arthroplasty?

As with any surgery, there is a risk of complications from arthroplasty. The risks include:

  • Blood clots.
  • Infection.
  • Injury or damage to nerves around the replaced joint.
  • Joint stiffness, weakness or instability that may lead to a fracture.
  • Problems with the new joint, including dislocation.
  • You have a higher risk of complications from arthroplasty if you have certain health conditions. Before surgery, tell your provider if you have diabetes, hemophilia or an autoimmune disease such as lupus. These conditions can make recovery from joint replacement more difficult.

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