Neurorehabilitation

What is neurological rehabilitation?

Neurological rehabilitation (rehab) is a doctor-supervised program designed for people with diseases, injury, or disorders of the nervous system. Neurological rehab can often improve function, reduce symptoms, and improve the well-being of the patient.

Neurological disease may result in chronic neurological deficit, and this accounts for a substantial burden of morbidity in the community. Some disabling diseases are particularly likely to affect young individuals

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Symptoms

Any patient with a neurological condition may be referred for rehabilitation through a prescription or order provided by a doctor.

Symptoms that may prompt the need for neurological rehabilitation include:

Muscle weakness and abnormal muscle tone
Pain
Difficulty walking
Difficulty with daily activities such as eating, dressing, bathing, toileting
Difficulty swallowing
Difficulty speaking
Impairments in thinking, memory and problem solving
Impairments in vision or eye-hand coordination

Diagnosis

Patients who benefit from neurological rehabilitation include, but are not limited to, those with the following diagnoses:

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Brain Injury
Brain Tumor
Disorders
Diabetic Neuropathy
Meningitis
Memory Disorders
Movement Disorders

Treatment

While a patient will still have a primary care medical team, the rehabilitation team provides additional treatments and therapies. The rehabilitation team consists of highly skilled professionals dedicated to each patient’s needs. The most appropriate treatment plan for each patient is developed after an evaluation. Neurological rehabilitation may include some of the following team members:

Physiatrists are doctors who specialize in physical medicine and rehabilitation.
Neuropsychologists see patients for cognitive and/or behavioral issues related to brain injury, stroke or other illnesses. They also work with patients who need help getting used to changes in their levels of ability. They may recommend cognitive therapy, stress reduction techniques or other treatments.
Physical therapists help and treat patients with a disease or injury contributing to pain or to loss of strength, range of motion, balance or coordination. Their goal is to restore and maintain a person’s ability to move and do physical tasks.

What conditions can benefit from neurological rehab?

Injuries, infections, degenerative diseases, structural defects, tumors, and disorders in the circulatory system can impair the nervous system. Some of the conditions that may benefit from neurological rehab may include:

Vascular disorders, such as ischemic strokes (caused by blood clots), hemorrhagic strokes (caused by bleeding in the brain), subdural hematoma, and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)
Infections, such as meningitis, encephalitis, polio, and brain abscesses
Trauma, such as brain and spinal cord injury
Structural or neuromuscular disorders, such as Bell palsy, cervical spondylosis, carpal tunnel syndrome, brain or spinal cord tumors, peripheral neuropathy, muscular dystrophy, myasthenia gravis, and Guillain-Barré syndrome

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